Hyperglycemia: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
Blood sugar control is at the center of any diabetes treatment strategy. High blood sugar, or hyperglycemia, is a major issue, and can impact people with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. There are two main kinds:
- Fasting hyperglycemia. This is blood sugar that’s higher than 130 mg/dL (milligrams per deciliter) after not consuming or consuming for a minimum of 8 hours.
- Postprandial or after-meal hyperglycemia. This is blood sugar that’s higher than 180 mg/dL 2 hours after you eat. People without diabetes hardly ever have blood glucose levels over 140 mg/dL after a meal, unless it’s really big.
Regular or continuous high blood glucose can cause damage to your nerves, capillary, and organs. It can also lead to other serious conditions. Individuals with type 1 diabetes are vulnerable to a build-up of acids in the blood called ketoacidosis.
Hyperglycemia occurs when individuals with diabetes have too much sugar in their bloodstream. Hyperglycemia should not be puzzled with hypoglycemia, which is when blood sugar levels go too low. You need to aim to avoid spending long periods of time with high blood glucose levels.
If you have type 2 diabetes or if you’re at risk for it, incredibly high blood sugar level can lead to a potentially lethal condition where your body can’t process sugar. It’s called hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHNS). You’ll pee more frequently in the beginning, and then less frequently in the future, however your urine may end up being dark and you could get seriously dehydrated.
It’s essential to treat symptoms of high blood glucose immediately to help prevent complications.
See also: Diabetes (Diabetes Mellitus): What is it?
Causes
Your blood sugar might rise if you:
- Skip or forget your insulin or oral glucose-lowering medication
- Eat too many grams of carbohydrates for the quantity of insulin you took, or eat too many carbs in basic
- Have an infection
- Are ill
- Are under stress
- Become non-active or workout less than usual
- Participate in strenuous physical activity, specifically when your blood glucose levels are high and insulin levels are low
Symptoms
Early signs consist of:
- Increased thirst
- Headaches
- Difficulty focusing
- Blurred vision
- Frequent peeing
- Tiredness (weak, tired sensation)
- Weight loss
- Blood sugar level more than 180 mg/dL
Continuous high blood glucose might cause:
- Vaginal and skin infections
- Slow-healing cuts and sores
- Worse vision
- Nerve damage causing painful cold or insensitive feet, loss of hair on the lower extremities, or erectile dysfunction
- Stomach and digestive problems such as chronic constipation or diarrhea
- Damage to your eyes, capillary, or kidneys
See also: Type 2 Diabetes Symptoms
How Is It Treated?
If you have diabetes and see any of the early signs of high blood sugar level, test your blood glucose and call the doctor. He may ask you for the outcomes of several readings. He could suggest the following changes:
Drink more water. H20 helps eliminate excess sugar from your blood through urine, and it assists you avoid dehydration.
Work out more. Exercising can help reduce your blood sugar. However under specific conditions, it can make blood sugar level go even higher. Ask your doctor what sort of workout is right for you.
Care: If you have type 1 diabetes and your blood glucose is high, you need to examine your urine for ketones. When you have ketones, do NOT workout. If you have type 2 diabetes and your blood glucose is high, you should likewise make sure that you have no ketones in your urine which you are well-hydrated. Then your doctor may give you the OK to exercise with care as long as you feel up to it.
Change your consuming routines. You may have to meet a dietitian to alter the amount and types of foods you eat.
Switch medications. Your doctor might alter the quantity, timing, or kind of diabetes medications you take. Don’t make modifications without talking with him first.
If you have type 1 diabetes and your blood sugar is more than 250 mg/dL, your doctor may desire you to test your urine or blood for ketones.
Call your doctor if your blood sugar level is running higher than your treatment objectives.
How to Prevent It
If you work to keep your blood sugar under control — follow your meal strategy, exercise program, and medicine schedule — you should not have to stress over hyperglycemia. You can also:
- Know your diet — count the overall quantities of carbs in each meal and treat.
- Test your blood sugar level frequently.
- Inform your doctor if you have actually duplicated irregular blood sugar level readings.
- Use medical recognition to let individuals know you have diabetes in case of an emergency situation.
